Lecture Notes
Intellectual Disabilities: this is defined as significantly below average general intellectual and adaptive functioning manifested during the developmental period, with significant delays in academic skills. A developmental period refers to birth to 18 years of age.
Physically impaired with Orthopedic Impairments: this means a severe skeletal, muscular, or neuromuscular impairment. The term includes impairments resulting from congenital anomalies (such as, but not limited to, skeletal deformity or spina bifida), and impairments resulting from other causes (including, but not limited to, cerebral palsy or amputations).
Physically Impaired with Other Health Impairment: Other health impairment means having limited strength, vitality or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment, that is due to chronic or acute health problems. This includes, but is not limited to, asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, Tourette syndrome, diabetes, epilepsy, heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, rheumatic fever, and acquired brain injury.
Physically Impaired with Traumatic Brain Injury: A traumatic brain injury means an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects educational performance. The term applies to mild, moderate, or severe, open or closed head injuries resulting in impairment in one or more areas such as cognition, language, memory, attention, reasoning, abstract thinking, judgment, problem-solving, sensory, perceptual and motor abilities, psychosocial behavior, physical functions, information processing, or speech. The term includes anoxia due to trauma. The term does not include brain injuries that are congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma.
Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD): this means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations. The term includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. The term does not include learning problems that are primarily the result of a visual, hearing, or motor disability; of mental retardation; of emotional disturbance; or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.
Speech and Language Impaired: this means a communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that adversely affects a child's educational performance.
Visually Impaired: this means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness.
